This literature review was conducted to examine improvements in euthanasia methods and considerations for fish, with a focus on the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), a common test species used in ecotoxicological testing. This review also analyzed specific methods from various studies published in five recognized scientific journals known to contain studies on ecotoxicology and/or fish health, to discern trends and patterns in euthanasia methods used in various ecotoxicological tests involving fathead minnows from January 2004 to the spring of 2021.
All data and information are subject to a publication containing a detailed survey of current research, data compilation procedures, and conclusions. Citation: Lavalle, C., Clarence, S., Khan, H., Shires, K., & Parrott, J. (2025). Current research and guidelines for euthanasia in laboratory fish with a focus on fathead minnows. Laboratory animals, 236772241288146. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/00236772241288146