Canadian Index of Multiple Deprivation 2021

The Canadian Index of Multiple Deprivation (CIMD) is an area-based index which used 2021 Census of Population microdata to measure four key dimensions of deprivation at the dissemination area (DA)-level: residential instability, economic dependency, situational vulnerability and ethno-cultural composition.

Using factor analysis, DA-level factor scores were calculated for each dimension. Within a dimension, ordered scores were assigned a quintile value, 1 through 5, where 1 represents the least deprived and 5 represents the most deprived.

The CIMD allows for an understanding of inequalities in various measures of health and social well-being. While it is a geographically-based index of deprivation and marginalization, it can also be used as a proxy for an individual. The CIMD has the potential to be widely used by researchers on a variety of topics related to socio-economic research. Other uses for the index may include: policy planning and evaluation, or resource allocation.

Correction October 22, 2024

A correction has been made to the variables in the following downloadable 2021 CIMD index datasets : Canada, Atlantic, Quebec, Ontario, Prairies, and British-Columbia. This correction impacts all the data in these datasets.

Data and Resources

Additional Info

Field Value
Last Updated April 17, 2026, 21:49 (UTC)
Created April 17, 2026, 17:17 (UTC)
contact_email STATCAN.infostats-infostats.STATCAN@canada.ca
contact_person {"en": "Government of Canada;Statistics Canada,1-800-263-1136,STATCAN.infostats-infostats.STATCAN@canada.ca", "fr": "Gouvernement du Canada;Statistique Canada,STATCAN.infostats-infostats.STATCAN@canada.ca"}
criticality_level []
data_dictionary ["economy", "health", "society"]
geographic_scope []
open_canada_collection fgp
open_canada_date_published 2024-03-01 00:00:00
open_canada_keywords {"en": ["society", "economy", "statistics", "health", "Socioeconomic data", "Statistics", "Economy", "Geographic data"], "fr": ["société", "économie", "statistiques", "santé", "Données socio-économiques", "Statistiques", "Économie", "Données géographiques"]}
open_canada_subject ["economics_and_industry", "health_and_safety", "society_and_culture"]
sensitivity_level unrestricted
title_fr Indice canadien de défavorisation multiple 2021
update_frequency as_needed