This dataset describes aerial surveys of Semipalmated Sandpipers conducted over the Bay of Fundy in the years 1976, 1996, 1997, 2002, 2003, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2019, 2024, and 2025. The surveys were developed to estimate shorebird abundance and distribution along coastal areas that are difficult to access from the ground. Surveys are carried out using fixed-wing aircraft during high tide, when mudflats are flooded and shorebirds concentrate in roosting flocks, improving detectability and supporting consistent survey conditions. The coastline is divided into coastal blocks, defined using prominent geographic landmarks to create standardized and repeatable spatial units. Observers record total numbers of Semipalmated Sandpipers within each block. Survey methodology includes flying predetermined transects along the coastline, maintaining consistent altitude and airspeed, and conducting visual counts of shorebird flocks. Visual counts may also be proofed with photos. These standardized procedures support comparison across survey years. The resulting dataset provides information on the relative abundance and spatial distribution of migrating Semipalmated Sandpiper across the Bay of Fundy. These data support population assessments, long-term trend analysis, and identification of important stopover habitats, highlighting the Bay of Fundy as a key staging area for Semipalmated Sandpipers.